Ukunqongophala kwepeptide emzimbeni kuya kubangela ukungakhuseleki okuphantsi, kwaye kulula ukosuleleka, kunye nokufa okuphezulu.Nangona kunjalo, ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwe-immunology yanamhlanje, abantu baye bazi ngokuthe ngcembe malunga nobudlelwane phakathi kwezondlo ze-peptide kunye nokugonyeka.Njengoko sisazi, ukungondleki kwe-peptide emzimbeni kunokubangela i-hypoplasia kunye ne-atrophy yamalungu omzimba, kwaye ibe nefuthe elingaguqukiyo kwi-immunity yeselula kunye ne-humoral immune.

Ukhuselo lomzimba luya kutshintsha xa kungekho peptide.Kusenokubakho izizathu ezibini:

(1)Ukungondleki okusisiseko.Ukutya kuqulathe isiqulatho seprotheyini esezantsi okanye umgangatho weprotheyini engekho mgangathweni, kubangela ukufumana iproteni encinci yepeptide.

(2)Ukungondleki okwesibini.Umzimba womntu uyawohloka iprotein, oko kukuthi, amandla okugaya iiprotheyini akumgangatho ophantsi, kwaye ukufunxa kwawo akulunganga.Oko kukuthi, kukwesibini kwezinye izifo, ezibangela ukungakwazi komzimba ukwenza iipeptides, ukufunxa kakubi, ukusetyenziswa ngokungafanelekanga, okanye ukukhutshelwa ngokugqithisileyo.

Ukungondleki kwePeptide kukunqongophala okunzulu kwezondlo, okubonakaliswa kukubhitya, ukudumba kunye nokudinwa.

(1)I-eaciation ibonakala kukulahlekelwa ubunzima obunzima, ukulahlekelwa kwezicubu ezingaphantsi kwe-subcutaneous, kunye nokulahlekelwa okukhulu kwemisipha yomzimba, njengamathambo omntu.

(2)I-edema ibonakala ngokuchithwa kwemisipha, i-spleen eyandisiweyo, isibindi esandisiweyo, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwesibindi, ukuchasana okuphantsi, ukwanda kweziganeko kunye nokufa kwezifo zebhaktheriya.

(3)Ukudinwa kubonakaliswa kukozela, ukungalali kakuhle, ukuqaqanjelwa yingqondo, ukuqina kwesifuba, ukuphelelwa ngumoya, ukungakhululeki, njl.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, umsebenzi wokuzivikela omzimba wabantu abanokungondleki kwe-peptide ungaphantsi kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo.Ukusebenza okuthe ngqo kolu hlobo lulandelayo:

I-Thymus kunye ne-lymph nodes: Amalungu okuqala kunye nezicubu ezihlaselwa kukungondleki kwe-peptide yi-thymus kunye ne-lymph nodes.Ubungakanani be-thymus buyehla, ubunzima buyancipha, umda phakathi kwe-cortex kunye ne-medulla ayicacanga, kwaye inombolo yeseli iyancitshiswa.Ubungakanani, ubunzima, ukwakheka kwezicubu, ukuxinana kweeseli kunye nokwakheka kwe-spleen kunye ne-lymph nodes nazo zineenguqu ezicacileyo eziguqukayo.Ukuba ihamba kunye nosulelo, i-lymphatic tissue iya kuncipha ngakumbi.Iimvavanyo zibonise ukuba izicubu ze-thymus zinokubuyela kwisiqhelo emva kokuncedisa isondlo se-peptide kwizilwanyana ezingenayo isondlo se-peptide.

I-immune yeselula ibhekisa kukhuselo lomzimba oluveliswa zii-T lymphocytes.Xa isondlo se-peptide singekho, i-thymus kunye nezinye izicubu ziyancipha kwaye ukukhula kweeseli ze-T kuchaphazelekayo.Ukuhla kwe-cell immune function akubonakali nje ukunciphisa inani leeseli ze-T, kodwa kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle.

Ukugonywa kwe-Humoral kuthetha ukugonywa okubangelwa yi-B lymphocytes yangaphakathi.Xa umzimba womntu uswele peptide protein yesondlo, phantse akukho tshintsho kwinani leeseli ze-B kwi-peripheral blood.Iimvavanyo ezisebenzayo zibonise ukuba kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni iqondo le-peptide yokutya, i-serum concentration iqhelekile okanye iphezulu kancinane, ngakumbi xa ihamba nosulelo, kwaye ukuveliswa kwe-immunoglobulin akuchaphazeli kakhulu xa i-peptide ingekho, ngoko inokubaluleka okukhulu. umsebenzi wokukhusela kwi-antibodies.

Umphelelisiinkquboinefuthe lokukhuthaza ukuphendula komzimba, kubandakanywa nefuthe kwi-opsonization, i-immune attachment, i-phagocytosis, i-chemotaxis yeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye nokungathathi hlangothi kweentsholongwane.Xa iprotheni ye-peptide isondlo ingekho, ukuncedisa ngokupheleleyo kunye nokuncedisa i-C3 kwinqanaba elibalulekileyo okanye liyancipha, kwaye umsebenzi wabo uyancipha.Oku kungenxa yokuba isantya sokuhlanganiswa kokuhambelana siyehla.Xa usulelo lubangela ukubopha i-antigen, ukusetyenziswa kokuncedisa kuyanda.

I-Phagocytes: Kwizigulane ezinobunzima beprotheni ye-peptide yesondlo, inani elipheleleyo le-neutrophilskwayeimisebenzi yabo ihlala ingatshintshi.I-chemotaxis yeeseli iqhelekile okanye iyancipha kancinci, kwaye umsebenzi we-phagocytic uyinto eqhelekileyo, kodwa amandla okubulala ama-microorganisms aginywe ziiseli ayancipha.Ukuba i-peptide yongezwa ngexesha, umsebenzi we-phagocytes unokubuyiselwa ngokuthe ngcembe emva kweveki enye okanye ezimbini.

Amanye amajoni omzimba: Amanye amandla okukhusela angabonakaliyo nawo anotshintsho olubalulekileyo xa i-peptide izondlo ezisebenzayo zingekho, ezifana nokunciphisa umsebenzi we-lysozyme kwi-plasma, iinyembezi, amathe kunye nezinye iimfihlo, ukuguqulwa kweeseli ze-epithelial ze-mucosal, ukuzaliswa kwe-mucosal kunye nokutshintsha kwe-cilia movement;tUkunciphisa imveliso ye-interferon, njl., kunokuchaphazela ukungenwa kosulelo.